‘As a student who is a recent immigrant, my understanding of English is improving daily. As a result, sometimes I struggle to articulate clearly and accurately what I would like to say to the healthcare professionals provided at university. For this reason, I prefer not to discuss my psychological issues as they will misjudge what I am saying and then heavily medicate me' (Female, Asian, UG, 4).  

‘As someone relatively new to the United Kingdom (UK), my understanding of English is improving daily. Despite my improvements, I still struggle to converse and make sense sometimes of what others are saying… sometimes I struggle to articulate clearly and accurately what I would like to say to the healthcare professionals provided at university. I am aware of the potential manipulation of my words and meanings… and so sadly to avoid a wrong diagnosis, I just I prefer not to discuss my psychological issues, as my biggest fear is being heavily medicated, which would mean potentially not being able to work and having my visa revoked…’ (Female, Latin-American, Female, [sic] Academic, 38).

‘Positive, interpersonal dialogue between service users and healthcare providers’ (Female, Black, UG, 27) where the consultation was ‘a reciprocal dialogue’ (Male, Asian, PG, 25).
This was considered to be an important factor in facilitating better ethnic minority engagement with mental health services at universities and wider society.

The need for a positive interpersonal connection between service user and healthcare provider where the consultation was “a dialogue” (Male D. FG1) was seen as an important factor in engaging with mental health services.

...Discussions were facilitated by the researcher who had experience in cross-cultural working and qualitative methods. All focus group sessions and interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. In addition to the recorded discussions, written notes were also taken and flipcharts were utilized for participants to document patterns of thought. This facilitated a reflexive process, which ensured participants’ views were clearly documented. Each participant was encouraged to speak and express their own views.

...Discussions  were  facilitated by the researcher and all focus group sessions and interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. In addition to the recorded discussions, written notes were also taken and flipcharts were utilised for participants to document patterns of thought regarding their experiences of precarious work as an academic or professional member of staff. This facilitated a reflexive process, which ensured participants’ views were clearly documented. Each participant was encouraged to speak and express their own views…

Discussions were facilitated by a researcher trained and experienced in cross cultural working and qualitative methods (LMM). Each session was audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. In addition to the recording of the discussion, written notes were also taken, using flipcharts, to allow for a review of the process and to ensure that participants' views were clearly documented. Each participant was encouraged to speak and express their own views and often conversations among participants enriched the discussion.

A deductive approach is useful for centring a particular aspect of the data or a specific finding that could best be illuminated or understood in the context of an existing theory or frame (Kiger and Varpio 2020).

a deductive approach is useful for honing in on a particular aspect of the data or a specific finding that could be best illuminated or understood in the context of a pre-existing theory or frame (Braun and Clarke 2006)

... It is important to acknowledge that the term BME, despite its widespread use, has severe limitations and usually follows non-specific quantifiers such as ‘most’ or ‘some’ (Glover and Evison 2009). Typically, there has been an accepted use of the term BME, which has been illustrated in research and Government papers.

The  term BME despite its widespread use, has severe limitations and usually follows nonspecific quantifiers, such as “most” or “some.”  For example, a study  of ethnic utilization of newly devised mental health services highlights the diversity of patterns across different groups (Glover  &  Evison,  2009).  Given the accepted use of the term  BME and the fact that research and government papers typically use this term this article uses it